Not with this particular command, no. But with some other commands you can prefix with a - to get the headless version of the command without the user interface. Also look into the FILEDIA and CMDDIA system variables.
For example, the normal command for exporting map layers is MAPEXPORT, which prompts for a file export location and then has another dialog window for setting the various options. But if you change FILEDIA to 0 and then run -MAPEXPORT (note the dash), then you can step through the entire process via the command line. See an example here: